| 尹祺,张强.贵州省重安江流域历史遗留废弃矿山生态修复模式及修复成效[J].贵州地质,2026,43(1):83-89 |
| 贵州省重安江流域历史遗留废弃矿山生态修复模式及修复成效 |
| Ecological Restoration Modes and Effectiveness of Historically Abandoned Mines in the Chong’anjiang River Basin，Guizhou Province |
| 投稿时间：2025-12-05 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 重安江流域 历史遗留废弃矿山 生态修复模式 修复成效 |
| 英文关键词:Chong’anjiang River Basin Historical abandoned mines Ecological restoration model Restoration effectiveness |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对全国历史遗留废弃矿山“数量多、分布散、修复难”的共性问题，以重安江流域为研究区，结合自身自然地理、地质特征、社会经济、少数民族聚居特点，系统分析历史遗留废弃矿山的分布规律、生态环境损毁等现状，选构五类生态修复模式，通过实地监测、数据对比等方法，从地类结构、生态功能、综合效益三方面量化评估修复成效。研究表明，流域内381个历史遗留矿山图斑经五类修复模式修复后，实现了地类结构优化、生态功能复苏与生态经济协同发展，累计修复面积40733公顷，盘活利用土地面积29702公顷，土地复垦利用率(%)达到90%以上，耕地与生态用地面积显著扩容，植被恢复20543公顷，水土流失量减少60%以上，废弃低效用地全面清零。为西南喀斯特山区及少数民族聚居区历史遗留矿山生态修复提供了“可复制、可推广”的技术范式与实践样本。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Aiming at the common problems of ‘a large number，scattered distribution and difficult restoration’ of historical abandoned mines nationwide，taking the Chong’an River Basin as the research area，combined with its own physical geography，geological characteristics，social economy and ethnic minority settlement features，this paper systematically analyzes the distribution law and ecological environment damage status of historical abandoned mines，selects and constructs five ecological restoration models，and quantitatively evaluates the restoration effectiveness from three aspects of land type structure，ecological function and comprehensive benefits by means of field monitoring and data comparisonThe results show that after restoration with the five models，381 map spots of historical abandoned mines in the basin have achieved the optimization of land type structure，recovery of ecological function and coordinated development of ecological economy，with a cumulative restoration area of 40733 hectares，29702 hectares of land revitalized and utilized，the land reclamation and utilization rate reaching over 90%，the area of cultivated land and ecological land expanded significantly，vegetation restored over 20543 hectares，soil erosion reduced by more than 60%，and the abandoned inefficient land completely eliminatedThis research provides a replicable and promotable technical paradigm and practical sample for the ecological restoration of historical abandoned mines in karst mountainous areas of Southwest China and ethnic minority inhabited areas |
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