贵州省仁怀市耕地质量地球化学调查评价主要成果及其意义

陈兴; 吴开彬; 王军; 邓贵标; 廖铸敏; 刘奎勇; 樊洪富; 黄建国

陈兴,吴开彬,王军,邓贵标,廖铸敏,刘奎勇,樊洪富,黄建国.贵州省仁怀市耕地质量地球化学调查评价主要成果及其意义[J].贵州地质,2025,42(2):245-256

贵州省仁怀市耕地质量地球化学调查评价主要成果及其意义

The Main Results and Significance of Geochemical Survey and Evaluation of Cultivated Land Quality in Renhuai City，Guizhou Province

投稿时间：2024-12-31

DOI：

中文关键词: 耕地质量硒锗农产品仁怀市

英文关键词:Cultivated land quality Selenium Germanium Agricultural products Renhuai

基金项目:省级项目“贵州省仁怀市耕地质量地球化学调查评价”(黔地矿耕调2017-28)资助

作者	单位
陈兴	贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳550081
吴开彬	贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳550081
王军	贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳550081
邓贵标	贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳550081
廖铸敏	贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳550081
刘奎勇	贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳550081
樊洪富	贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳550081
黄建国	贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳550081

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中文摘要:

仁怀市1∶5万尺度耕地质量地球化学调查，是迄今为止针对仁怀市耕地土壤最为全面、系统的专业调查，对表层土壤(5846件)、农产品(95件)等进行取样分析，获取了耕地表层土壤、农产品等的高精度分析数据。结果表明:仁怀市耕地土壤pH平均值为661，以酸性为主。与全国A层土壤相比，富集N、Cu、Co、V、F、Se、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni，贫化Mo、I，其他元素含量相当；与贵州省表层土壤相比，富集K、Cu、F，贫化碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷，其他元素含量相当；从变异系数看，仁怀市元素或指标大部分属于中等变异，仅B、Cd、Hg属于强变异性。仁怀市耕地土壤质量总体情况较好，优质及良好耕地占评价面积的286%。富硒耕地面积大，达564600万亩，占评价面积的807%，优质富硒耕地占比达219%。富锗耕地面积为345960万亩，占评价面积的494%，优质富锗耕地占比达234%。采集95件农产品开展安全性及富硒评价，农产品重金属指标均未超过标准下限，红高粱富硒率为523%。耕地土壤各组分含量受地质背景、土壤类型及不同土地利用方式等影响，本次调查成果对耕地，特别是特色耕地的规划利用具有重要的意义，并优选出7个适宜发展绿色富硒红高粱的耕地地块。

英文摘要:

The 1∶50，000-scale geochemical survey of cultivated land quality in Renhuai is the most comprehensive and systematic professional investigation of cultivated land soil in Renhuai to dateSamples were taken and analyzed from the surface soil(5，846 pieces)and agricultural products(95 pieces)，obtaining high-precision analysis data of the surface soil and agricultural products of cultivated landThe results show that the average pH value of cultivated land soil in Renhuai is 661，mainly acidicCompared with the A layer soil of the whole country，it is enriched in N，Cu，Co，V，F，Se，Cd，Cr，Hg，Ni，and depleted in Mo and I，while the content of other elements is comparableCompared with the surface soil of Guizhou Province，it is enriched in K，Cu，and F，and depleted in available nitrogen，available potassium，and available phosphorus，while the content of other elements is comparableFrom the coefficient of variation，most of the elements or indicators in Renhuai belong to moderate variation，only B，Cd，and Hg belong to strong variationThe overall quality of cultivated land soil in Renhuai is good，with high-quality and good-quality cultivated land accounting for 286% of the evaluated areaThe area of selenium-rich cultivated land is large，reaching 564 600 mu，accounting for 807% of the evaluated area，and the proportion of high-quality selenium-rich cultivated land is 219%The area of germanium-rich cultivated land is 345 960 mu，accounting for 494% of the evaluated area，and the proportion of high-quality germanium-rich cultivated land is 234%95 pieces of agricultural products were collected for safety and selenium-rich evaluationThe heavy metal indicators of agricultural products did not exceed the lower limit of the standard，and the selenium-rich rate of red sorghum was 523%The content of each component of cultivated land soil is affected by geological background，soil type，and different land use methodsThe results of this investigation are of great significance for the planning and utilization of cultivated land，especially characteristic cultivated land，and seven suitable plots for developing green selenium-rich red sorghum were selected

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