黔北某锰矿区土壤重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险评价

江攀和; 梁劲松; 魏泽权; 杨旭; 马其丽; 陈磊

江攀和,梁劲松,魏泽权,杨旭,马其丽,陈磊.黔北某锰矿区土壤重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险评价[J].贵州地质,2023,40(1):61-71

黔北某锰矿区土壤重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险评价

Characteristics of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment in a Manganese Mining Area of North Guizhou

投稿时间：2022-11-11

DOI：

中文关键词: 锰矿重金属污染生态风险评价

英文关键词:Manganese mine Heavy metal Pollution Ecological risk assessment

基金项目:贵州省地矿局地质科研项目(黔地矿科[2019]04号、[2020]02号、[2022]20号)。

作者	单位
江攀和	贵州省地矿局102地质大队，贵州遵义563000
梁劲松	贵州省地矿局102地质大队，贵州遵义563000
魏泽权	贵州省地矿局102地质大队，贵州遵义563000
杨旭	贵州省地矿局102地质大队，贵州遵义563000
马其丽	贵州省地矿局102地质大队，贵州遵义563000
陈磊	贵州省地矿局102地质大队，贵州遵义563000

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中文摘要:

黔北某锰矿区紧邻主城区，上世纪至本世纪初，大量开采及粗加工产生的矿渣随意堆放，可能导致周边土壤环境恶化，评价其土壤重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险，对于土壤生态环境保护及污染防治具有重要意义。在黔北某锰矿区共采集有效土样188个，测定As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn含量及pH，分析其污染特征及综合潜在生态风险。结果表明，区内土壤中8种重金属元素平均含量均不同程度超过贵州省土壤背景值，Cd、Cu、Ni、Hg、As属于强变异，Zn、Pb、Cr属于中等变异。单因子污染评价结果表明，除Hg、Pb为清洁以外，其余6种重金属总体上处于轻度污染。内梅罗污染指数显示区内主要受到轻度污染，局部受到重度污染。综合潜在生态风险总体上处于轻微生态危害，中等及强生态危害区主要分布在研究区北部，其轻微、中等及强生态危害分布面积占比分别为6910%、2990%及101%，主要影响因子为Cd和Hg。相关性分析结果表明，区内矿渣堆周边土壤中Cd、Cr、Ni、Zn可能来自未处置锰矿矿渣；研究区南西侧Cr、Ni、Zn可能来自于工业园区及交通运输。

英文摘要:

The Manganese ore area in North Guizhou is close to the main urban areaFrom the last century to the beginning of this century，the slag generated by massive mining and rough processing was piled up at will，which may lead to the deterioration of the surrounding soil environmentThe evaluation of the soil heavy metal pollution characteristics and potential ecological risks is of great significance for the protection of soil ecological environment and pollution preventionA total of 188 effective soil samples were collected from a manganese ore area in North Guizhou，and the contents of As，Cd，Cr，Cu，Hg，Ni，Pb，Zn and pH were determined to analyze the pollution characteristics and comprehensive potential ecological risksThe results showed that the average contents of 8 heavy metal elements in the soil in the area exceeded the soil background values of Guizhou province to varying degreesCd，Cu，Ni，Hg and As belonged to strong variation，while Zn，Pb and Cr belonged to moderate variationThe results of single factor pollution evaluation showed that except Hg and Pb，the other 6 heavy metals were slightly polluted on the wholeNemerow pollution index shows that the area is mainly lightly polluted and some areas are heavily pollutedOverall，the potential ecological risks were slight ecological hazards，and the moderate and strong ecological hazards were mainly distributed in the northern part of the study areaThe distribution areas of mild，moderate and strong ecological hazards accounted for 6910%，2990% and 101%，respectively，and the main influencing factors were Cd and HgThe correlation analysis results show that Cd，Cr，Ni and Zn in the soil around the slag heap may come from undisposed manganese slagCr，Ni and Zn in the south and west of the study area may come from industrial parks and transportation

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