| 胡一忠,杨光忠,饶红娟.试谈金刚石原生矿成矿问题的地幔柱成因解释[J].贵州地质,2016,33(4):251-256,250 |
| 试谈金刚石原生矿成矿问题的地幔柱成因解释 |
| Mantle plume genetic explanation:Metallogenesis of primary diamond deposit |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 金刚石 原生矿 成矿 地幔柱 |
| 英文关键词:Diamond Primary deposit Metallogenesis Mantle plume |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 原生金刚石的成矿问题，诸如成因、成矿概率低、成矿对地质背景要求高、含矿母岩类型较复杂以及火山机构含矿性差异等，可用地幔柱观点将其统一于以金刚石捕虏晶为主要成因的系统解释，即原生金刚石可形成于克拉通岩石圈地幔至核幔边界D″层范围，但由于碳循环的原因主要形成于古老克拉通岩石圈地幔，通过地幔柱或其影响导致的金伯利岩和/或钾镁煌斑岩岩浆的捕获而被携带至地表成矿，因其比重较小而偏集于岩浆房及其向上迁移岩浆体上部，随岩浆爆发侵位而主要在上部火山机构（火山口及火山颈/管道相）等富集成矿，以及呈现纷繁复杂的金伯利岩和钾镁煌斑岩地质现象，因产出大地构造位置及其迁移路径不同而致岩石矿物学等特征的些许差别。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| It is widely concerned about the undetermined metallogenic problems of primary diamond，such as complicated metallogenesis，low metallogenetic probability，severe ore-forming geologic setting，complex ore-bearing parent rock types，different ore-bearing potential of volcanic edifice，and so on. However，we maybe attribute these issues to diamond xenocryst mainly genetic interpretation，the primary diamond can be formed in the cratonic lithosphere mantle to core-mantle boundary D″layer range，owing to carbon cycle results from ancient cratonic lithospheric mantle，the mantle plume leads to diamonds in deep earth could be captured and carried to the surface by kimberlitic and/or lamproitic magmas，which experienced a livelong and complicated mineralization process. Because its specific gravity is low，it tends to assemble in the upper unit of magma chamber and upwelling asthenolith. Along with magmatic explosion，it intrudes into surface and enrichment mineralization，mainly in the upper part (volcanic crater and neck or pipe facies) of volcanic edifice. Besides it also appears multitudinous and varying geology phenomena of kimberlites and lamproites，different geotectonic positions and its migration paths give rise to different petrological and mineralogical characteristics. |
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